Kanis Saengchote, a researcher at Chulalongkorn University in Thailand, recently developed a framework for identifying and measuring systemic risk in decentralized finance (DeFi) institutions.
The new protocol is called the Global Systematically Important Protocol (G-SIP), and it’s based on a similar endeavor instituted in the traditional banking industry.
After the global banking crisis of 2008, the traditional finance sector collaborated to come up with a protocol for identifying critical banking structures in order to implement strategies for the prevention of future collapses.
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What they came up with is a system to identify and measure “global systemically important banks” (G-SIBs). This allowed the Bank for International Settlements to identify weaknesses and establish standards resulting in better protection against losses.
Saengchote’s research paper details a method by which a similar standard could be applied to what the paper refers to as “blockchain banks,” essentially any DeFi protocol running on a blockchain.
Per the research paper:
“Identifying systemic risk and creating contingencies to handle emergencies are important because of the self-reinforcing nature of financial interactions and fire sale-induced deleveraging.”
Due to the algorithmic nature of DeFi, deleveraging can occur relatively quickly. This was evident in the Terra collapse. According to Saengchote, this can create a destabilizing loop that sends protocols into a “death spiral.”
The resulting fire sale — a period where asset holders across multiple institutions sell en masse for below market value — could cause rippling illiquidity throughout the connected ecosystem.
G-SIP measures how the various DeFi protocols interact and identifies which nodes in the network have outsized influence. To define the protocol’s parameters, Saengchote studied four separate protocols representing 88% of the “blockchain banks” on the Ethereum blockchain (Aave, Compound, Liquity and MakerDAO).
Upon analysis, MakerDAO scored the highest across the G-SIP categories. According to Saengchote, this is “due to its complexity and interconnectedness.” MakerDAO received a score of 37 on the G-SIP rating scale. It was followed by Aave (31.56), Compound (28) and Liquity (4.57).
The researcher notes, “Because of its small size, Liquity’s score is…
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